A geographical congruence between the centers of species richness and species endemism is found, and both Serra do Cipó and Chapada Diamantina present the highest levels of endemism. There is a high sharing of species between South Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais and Serra do Cipó, and South Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Serra do Cipó, and the Diamantina Plateau.
The Espinhaço Range presents four centers of richness and endemism of Lauraceae: (i) Serra do Cipó, (ii) South Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais (Quadrilátero Ferrífero), (iii) Chapada Diamantina, and (iv) the Diamantina Plateau.
Thirty-four endemic species are identified, of which 15 are potential new taxa to be yet described, and 15 are categorized as micro-endemic. This number of species represents about 22% of the total estimated in Brazil and the endemism 8%. Our study is the most comprehensive checklist of the species of Lauraceae in the Espinhaço Range, including 99 species that belong to 13 genera.
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